INDICATIONS     CONTRA-INDICATIONS     DOSAGE     SIDE-EFFECTS     PREGNANCY     OVERDOSE     IDENTIFICATION     PATIENT INFORMATION

Logo VITAL MULTIVITAMIN CAPSULES.
SCHEDULING STATUS:
Not scheduled

PROPRIETARY NAME
(and dosage form):

VITAL MULTIVITAMIN CAPSULES.

COMPOSITION:
Each capsule contains:
Vitamin A         5000 iu
Vitamin D3         400 iu
Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)         50 mg
Thiamine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B1)         2,5 mg
Riboflavine (Vitamin B2)         2,5 mg
Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B6)         2,0 mg
Nicotinamide (Vitamin B3)         20,0 mg
Calcium d-Pantothenate equivalent to Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5)
         5,0 mg
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B12)         2,0 mcg
dl-alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E)         10,0 mg 

PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION:
A 23.1 - Multivitamins.

PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION:
Vitamin A assists in the maintenance of good vision and healthy skin, nails and hair. Vitamin D helps maintain healthy bones and teeth and is involved in Calcium utilisation. Vitamin C assists in keeping gums, skin and connective tissue healthy and is a tissue antioxidant as is Vitamin E, which also protects unsaturated fatty acids and Vitamin A against oxidation. The various B Vitamins assist with energy release from foodstuffs and their metabolism while vitamin B12 is involved with manufacture of red blood cells and the health of the nervous system. Vitamin B1 also maintains healthy nerve function, while Vitamins B2 and B6 help maintain healthy skin.

INDICATIONS:
Indicated as a Vitamin supplement.

CONTRA-INDICATIONS:
Excessive doses of Vitamin A should be avoided in pregnancy because of potential teratogenic effects, and in patients with liver disease. Enhanced susceptibility to the effects of Vitamin A may be seen in patients with liver disease. Vitamin C should be given with care to patients with hyperoxaluria. Vitamin D should not be administered with hypercalcaemia. Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients.

DOSAGE AND DIRECTIONS FOR USE:
One capsule to be taken daily, preferably with food.

SIDE-EFFECTS AND SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS:
Allergic hypersensitivity reactions have occurred rarely following Vitamin B1 and B12 administration.

KNOWN SYMPTOMS OF OVER-DOSAGE AND PARTICULARS OF ITS TREATMENT:
Massive overdosage may cause gastro-intestinal upsets which will disappear on withdrawal of the product. Overdosage over long periods with Vitamin A can lead to Hypervitaminosis A characterised by fatigue, irritability, anorexia and weight loss, vomiting and gastro-intestinal disturbances, low-grade fever, skin changes, hair loss, dry hair, cracked and bleeding lips, anaemia, headache, hypercalcaemia, pains in bones and joints. Symptoms of chronic toxicity in children may include raised intercranial pressure, and papilloedema mimicking brain tumours, tinnitus, visual disturbances and painful swelling over the long bones. Symptoms usually clear on withdrawal of Vitamin A but in children premature closure of the epiphyses of the long bones may result in arrested growth. Acute Vitamin A intoxication may occur with very high doses and is characterised by sedation, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, erythema, pruritis and desquamation. Overdosage with Vitamin B12 results in a bright yellow discoloration of the urine. Long-term overdosage with Vitamin B6 is associated with the development of severe peripheral neuropathies. Large doses of Vitamin C can cause diarrhoea and other gastro-intestinal disturbances. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive.

IDENTIFICATION:
Red-brown, oval, soft gelatin capsules.

PRESENTATION:
Packs of 100 capsules.

STORAGE INSTRUCTIONS:
Store below 25°C, in a dry place out of reach of children.

APPLICATION NUMBER:
T 1064 (Act 101 of 1965)

APPLICANT:
Vitalfarm (Pty) Ltd., Old Bottlery Road, Kuils River, 7580, R.S.A.

DATE OF PUBLICATION:
September 1998.

Updated on this site: December 1999

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